questionText: To ask the Secretary of State for Business and Trade, how many times military end-use controls were applied to proposed exports to Chinese universities in (a) 2020, (b) 2021 and (c) 2022.
answerText: The military end-use controls did not apply to China until 19 May 2022. Military end-use controls were applied to proposed exports to Chinese universities 45 times in 2022.
heading: Arms Trade: China