division_name: Nationality and Borders Bill &#8212; New Clause 3 - Offence of human trafficking for sexual exploitation
motion: <p class="indent" pid="c395.0/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;We know there are various reasons why we might see late disclosure by victims of sexual exploitation and trafficking. Victims may not identify as victims first and foremost, it can be only when a person is removed from the exploitative environment that they understand they were in fact being abused and exploited.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c395.0/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Presuming late disclosure of modern slavery damages credibility will create barriers to effective identification and engagement with victims.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c395.0/11" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Victims&#8217; early accounts may be affected by the impact of trauma. This can result in delayed disclosure, difficulty recalling facts, or symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Victims may also be reluctant to self-identify for a number of other reasons that can make understanding their experiences challenging.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c400.1/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;needs arising from exploitation criteria&#8221;,</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c401.1/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;For those exploited as children, an increase in the identification of &#8216;county lines&#8217; cases has partially driven the rise in the number of cases categorised within the &#8216;criminal exploitation&#8217; category, with 40% of all child referrals for criminal exploitation being flagged as county lines.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c402.1/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Whatever form it takes, modern slavery and child trafficking is child abuse and relevant child protection procedures must be followed if modern slavery or trafficking is suspected.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c402.1/10" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Victims&#8217; early accounts may be affected by the impact of trauma. This can result in delayed disclosure, difficulty recalling facts, or symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. It is vital for decision makers to have an understanding of the mitigating reasons why a potential victim of modern slavery is incoherent, inconsistent or delays giving details of material facts. Throughout this process it is important to remember that victims of modern slavery have been through trauma&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c405.6/11" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;an immediate, genuine, present and serious threat to public order&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c408.0/11" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;demonstrated our commitment to working with other countries in Europe to drive up standards across the continent in tackling trafficking&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c408.0/13" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;the UK&#8217;s commitment to tackling human trafficking and providing support to victims.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c408.0/15" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;paves the way for further engagement with EU-wide organisations and governments to share our prosecution and investigation expertise.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c413.0/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;concerned that the provisions of the bill will have a significant impact on all child victims of trafficking&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c413.0/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;will make it harder to identify those who have been exploited&#8230; Traumatised victims cannot disclose their suffering to order&#8212;it takes time to build trust and confidence.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c413.0/9" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Victims&#8217; early accounts may be affected by the impact of trauma. This can result in delayed disclosure, difficulty recalling facts, or symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c413.0/12" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;create a situation where state actors were actively placing individuals in situations that would increase the risk&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c413.0/15" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;No one chooses to cross the channel&#8230;unless they have no other option.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c413.0/17" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;will cost not save lives. It will enable and empower ruthless criminal gangs not break them. It closes safe routes and opens none. It will harm women and girls along with the men seeking asylum, to whom Ministers appear to take such exception&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c414.0/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I have grave concerns about this clause because it casts a wide net with the potential to prevent a considerable number of potential victims of modern slavery from being able to access the recovery and reflection period granted through the NRM. Without such support prosecution witnesses will be unable to provide witness evidence and this will severely limit our ability to convict perpetrators and dismantle organised crime groups.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c420.1/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;we are very under regulated and that&#8217;s a real problem for us.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c422.2/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Victims&#8217; early accounts may be affected by the impact of trauma. This can result in delayed disclosure&#8221;&#8212;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="c422.2/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;difficulty recalling facts, or symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder&#8230;Victims may also be reluctant to self identify for a number of other reasons that can make understanding their experiences challenging&#8221;.</p>