division_name: Illegal Migration Bill &#8212; Clause 2 - Duty to make arrangements for removal
motion: <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;subject to the exceptions in subsection (1A).&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/23" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;is not a citizen of Ukraine, and&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/25" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;does not have family members in the United Kingdom, and&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/27" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;more than one month after this section comes into force&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/29" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;with which the United Kingdom has a formal legally binding agreement to facilitate returns required under this section, and&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/36" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;lawfully settled or found protection in another country outside the United Kingdom where they faced no serious risk of persecution or violations of their human rights and which complies with the requirements of the 1951 Convention on Refugees&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/61" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;at a time when the person is an unaccompanied child&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/63" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;if the person is a child or arrived in the United Kingdom as a child&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/65" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;at a time when the person is an unaccompanied child&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/67" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;where the person is an unaccompanied child or is a person who arrived in the United Kingdom as an unaccompanied child.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/84" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;or the power in section 3(2)&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/88" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;must be considered under the immigration rules if the person who made the claim has not been removed from the United Kingdom within a period of six months starting on the day the claim is deemed inadmissible.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/90" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;until such time as the Secretary of State withdraws her declaration under subsection (2), or a successful appeal is brought under subsection (4A)&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/107" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;and the following conditions are met&#8211;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/115" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;and the following conditions are met&#8212;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/132" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;including but not limited to, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/174" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;provided that it is compliant with the Detention Centre Rules 2001 and that local residents who may be affected are properly consulted.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/176" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;, except in the case of an unaccompanied child or where a relevant family member is aged under 18, in which case sub-paragraph (2H) applies.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/196" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;in the opinion of the Secretary of State&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/199" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;in the opinion of the Secretary of State&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/202" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;the Secretary of State considers to be&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/204" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;in the opinion of the Secretary of State&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/217" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;must, as necessary to secure the best interests of the child,&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/221" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;on a certain date (the transfer date)&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/223" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;as soon as reasonably practical&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/227" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;but only with the consent of the Senedd Cymru, Scottish Parliament or Northern Ireland Assembly.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/230" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;grounds of public order prevent observation of the reflection and recovery period, or if it is found that victim status is being claimed improperly.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/251" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;grounds of public order prevent observation of the reflection and recovery period or if it is found that victim status is being claimed improperly.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/282" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;at any time in the last three years&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/286" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;and such other exceptions as may be set out in immigration rules&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/299" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;is over the age of 18 at the time of entry into the United Kingdom and meets&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/342" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;provided that the impact assessment required by section (impact assessment)has been laid before Parliament.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d859.7/374" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Migration, Asylum and Modern Slavery (Removals)&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d877.0/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;'amount to an asylum ban&#8212;extinguishing the right to seek refugee protection in the United Kingdom for those who arrive irregularly; no matter how genuine and compelling their claim may be, and with no consideration of their individual circumstances&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d877.0/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The UK is required to ensure that children seeking refugee status receive appropriate protection and humanitarian assistance, under article 22 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). The UNCRC also requires the UK to ensure that children are protected from exploitation and abuse, and afforded support for recovery. This Bill violates those obligations and many others. Its enactment would place the UK in clear breach of its international law obligations under a range of human rights treaties.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d877.0/11" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The air force lieutenant, who flew 30 combat missions against the Taliban and was praised by his coalition forces supervisor as a &#8216;patriot to his nation&#8217;, was forced into hiding and said it was &#8216;impossible&#8217; to make his way to Britain via a safe route.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d877.0/13" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;This is clearly not who we are as a nation. And is not how our migration system should operate. I hope the Government will look at this case specifically and address the wider issue of how an Afghan (who supported UK Armed Forces) can safely apply for asylum in the UK.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d879.3/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;In Libya, the treatment is so cruel. We have quite a few young people who were really traumatised...Smugglers were basically killing people on the journeys...I think that one of the most traumatic experiences is being raped or seeing the brutality of people.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d879.3/11" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;He had no idea which country he was coming to and no choice in the matter. The Bill sets out that children like this boy who arrive in this country irregularly, whether alone or with their families, will essentially be denied the right to claim asylum in the UK. These are children who are fleeing persecution and then further exploited and abused by people smugglers. Any child arriving in the UK after these experiences must first and foremost be viewed as vulnerable, and in need of love and care. Many of these children will have been trafficked here against their will and must not be held accountable for the crimes of their adult exploiters.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d883.0/7" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I only had one hospital appointment while I was there, for my 20-week scan, and even then I was escorted by officers who took me 40 minutes late for my appointment. I felt frustrated that I wasn&#8217;t able to speak to the midwife after my scan because there was no time. The officers just took me straight back to Yarl&#8217;s Wood instead. It was not easy. I often felt weak and in pain; I&#8217;m anaemic and my blood pressure is very low. On one occasion I passed out in Yarl&#8217;s Wood, but they just took me back to my room and left.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d883.0/11" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The Home Office&#8217;s history of neglect renders it an unfit parent for vulnerable children.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d883.0/13" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The Bill as it stands leaves profound areas of uncertainty&#8211;for example, as to what form the accommodation provided to children by the Home Office will take&#8211;making proper scrutiny deeply challenging.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d889.3/12" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Nobody wants to see our world-leading legislation being abused, but the Government have to set out the clear evidence if they are saying that there is a link between that Act and the small boats, and so far I have not seen that evidence.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="">13 March 2023</phrase>; Vol. 729, c. 592.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d896.2/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d900.0/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;there are compelling circumstances which apply in relation to the person which mean that it is appropriate to do so.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d909.4/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Freedom is the sound outside the gate.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d916.1/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;should withdraw the right of asylum-seekers and illegal migrants who cross the Channel illegally in small boats to appeal against their deportation.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d916.1/7" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;jumps to more than three-quarters&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d916.1/9" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;stopping migrants in small boats from illegally crossing the Channel using any means necessary&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d916.1/11" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;justice is truth in action.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d918.0/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;the UK has taken more than 6,000 Iranians directly for asylum purposes.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="">27 March 2023</phrase>; Vol. 730, c. 747.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d927.0/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;deny protection to many asylum-seekers in need of safety and protection, and even deny them the opportunity to put forward their case.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d930.3/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;a person is not to be taken to have come directly to the United Kingdom from a country in which their life and liberty were threatened&#8230;if, in coming from such a country, they passed through or stopped in another country outside the United Kingdom where their life and liberty was not so threatened.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d930.3/9" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;only intended that immunity from penalty should not apply to refugees who found asylum or were settled, temporarily or permanently, in another country.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d930.3/15" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The third condition is that, in entering or arriving as mentioned in subsection (2), the person did not come directly to the United Kingdom from a country in which the person&#8217;s life and liberty were threatened by reason of their race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d933.0/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;long-term plan that seeks to address the challenge of illegal migration head on.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="">8 December 2021</phrase>; Vol. 705, c. 445.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d934.0/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I was imprisoned in Campsfield for 9 months, though I did not know how long I would be held. One of the hardest parts of the detention is the uncertainty of not knowing how long you will be there. While you are there you are not treated like a human. Conditions at Campsfield were at times inhumane, with people resorting to hunger strikes, self-harm, and tragically even suicide.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d934.0/9" pwmotiontext="yes">You are given a number and referred to by that number rather than your name. When you meet people from outside the centre, you are perceived and treated as if you are a risk to society&#8212;a dangerous criminal&#8212;when all you are trying to do is reach safety and build a life.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d934.0/10" pwmotiontext="yes">While I was at Campsfield I saw many people struggle to cope with depression and a system designed to break people down. My way of coping was to join a legal reading group, where we taught ourselves immigration law and supported each other to appeal against our detention. I was eventually released from Campsfield in February 2015 when my legal battle was successful.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d934.0/11" pwmotiontext="yes">I was granted refugee status later that year, and I have since returned to being a carer in the community. My daughter is now at university&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d941.0/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;with our intention being to open them next year&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d941.0/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;launching the local authority consultation on safe and legal routes at the same time&#8221;?&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="">27 March 2023</phrase>; Vol. 730, c. 777.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d941.1/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;It is entirely unclear how these powers would sit alongside Local Authorities duties under s17 of the Children Act 1989 to safeguard any child in their area and take them into their care under s20 if the criteria for doing so are met. The Bill has the potential to make it harder for Local Authorities to fulfil their duties in the Children Act 1989 in relation to ensuring stability for children as their cooperate parent and to protect and support child victims of trafficking and exploitation.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d943.1/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;the best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d943.1/17" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;detained in any place that the Secretary of State considers appropriate&#8221;,</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d947.0/10" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;to join family or community that could offer security and support&#8221;,</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d947.0/12" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;because of familiarity with the UK&#8217;s language, culture and institutions&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d947.0/14" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;the hope of reaching a place where human rights are respected&#8221;,</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d947.0/16" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;a lack of safety in the countries they were passing through.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d950.0/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The legislation, if passed, would amount to an asylum ban&#8212;extinguishing the right to seek refugee protection in the United Kingdom for those who arrive irregularly, no matter how genuine and compelling their claim may be, and with no consideration of their individual circumstances.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d950.0/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;half of the people who crossed the channel last year came from just five countries with high asylum grant rates.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d950.0/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The Bill creates real and foreseeable risks of direct and indirect&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d950.0/10" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Nothing in the Bill makes removal dependent on the receiving country having an effective asylum procedure, or agreeing to admit a person to it.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d952.2/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;the basic belief that, in our brief lives, we owe a duty of care&#8230;to our family and friends, but also to strangers&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d952.2/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;our ambition to be a nation of sanctuary. To provide a warm welcome to families forced out of their homes&#8230;all of those who seek sanctuary from wherever, and however, they may come&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d952.3/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Persons prevented from obtaining British citizenship etc&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d952.3/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;A person (&#8220;P&#8221;) falls within this subsection if P was born in the United Kingdom on or after <phrase class="date" code="">7 March 2023</phrase>, and either of P&#8217;s parents has ever (whether before or after P&#8217;s birth) met the four conditions in section 2.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d954.0/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I have spoken to the Home Office about the impact assessment; it is quite right that we publish it before Committee stage.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="">23 March 2023</phrase>; Vol. 730, c. 451.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d962.3/4" pwmotiontext="yes">Gambia (in respect of men)&#8230;Ghana (in respect of men)&#8230;Kenya (in respect of men)&#8230;Liberia (in respect of men)&#8230;Malawi (in respect of men)&#8230;Nigeria (in respect of men).&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d963.2/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;where there is a real risk of persecution or serious harm on grounds of sexual orientation&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="d963.2/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;is removed in accordance with this section.&#8221;</p>