division_name: Chilcot Inquiry and Parliamentary Accountability
motion: <p class="indent" pid="b1527.1/2" pwmotiontext="yes">That this House recognises that the Chilcot Inquiry provided substantial evidence of misleading information being presented by the then Prime Minister and others on the development of the then Government's policy towards the invasion of Iraq as shown most clearly in the contrast between private correspondence to the United States government and public statements to Parliament and to the people and also in the presentation of intelligence information; and calls on the Public Administration and Constitutional Affairs Committee, further to its current investigation into the lessons to be learned from the Chilcot Inquiry for the machinery of government, to conduct a further specific examination of this contrast in public and private policy and of the presentation of intelligence, and then to report to the House on what further action it considers necessary and appropriate to help prevent any repetition of this disastrous series of events.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1527.1/7" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Britain fought an unnecessary, disastrous and potentially illegal war in Iraq because of Tony Blair&#8217;s misguided and personal commitment to George W Bush, the Chilcot report concluded yesterday.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1528.3/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Intelligence on Iraq&#8217;s weapons of mass destruction&#8230;and ballistic missile programmes is sporadic and patchy&#8230; We continue to judge that Iraq has an offensive chemical warfare (CW) programme, although there is very little intelligence relating to it. From the  evidence available to us, we believe Iraq retains some production equipment, and some small stocks of CW agent precursors, and may have hidden small quantities of agents and weapons&#8230; There is no intelligence on any BW agent production facilities.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1529.3/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Would a reasonable man&#8212;another human being&#8212;looking at the evidence come to that conclusion?&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1529.3/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;If you are posing that question with regard to a statement of imminent threat to the United Kingdom&#8221;&#8212;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1529.3/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;In that case, I have to say no, there was not sufficient evidence to sustain that belief objectively at the time.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1529.4/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I absolve him from&#8230;a decision to deceive Parliament or the public&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1529.5/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;However, he also exercised his very considerable powers of advocacy and persuasion, rather than laying the real issues, and the information to back the analysis of them, fairly and squarely in front of Parliament or the public. It was an exercise in advocacy, not an exercise in sharing a crucial judgment&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1531.6/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I will be with you, whatever&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1532.3/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;We will obviously need to discuss all this, but I thought it best to put it in your mind as event[s] could move fast. And what I propose is a great deal better than the alternatives. When Bush graciously accepted your offer to be with him all the way, he wanted you alive not dead!&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1533.5/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;at present international opinion would be reluctant, outside the US/UK&#8221;&#8212;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1533.5/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;to support immediate military action though, for sure, people want to be rid of Saddam. So we need a strategy for regime change that builds over time.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1535.2/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;no falsification or improper use of intelligence&#8221;,</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1535.2/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;no secret commitment to war whether at Crawford Texas in April 2002 or elsewhere&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1536.0/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;If you press me very hard, I will say it was a failure to exert and exercise sufficient collective responsibility for a very big decision, and then to scrutinise and supervise its conduct and implementation.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1536.0/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;On the issue of misleading Parliament, there is nothing in the Chilcot report that I can see that points to deliberate deceit, but there were clearly occasions when more information, or better information, could have been presented.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="2016-07-06">6 July</phrase> 2016; Vol. 612, c. 907.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1536.0/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;As for how people should account for themselves, it is for them to read the report and explain why they did what they did.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="2016-07-06">6 July</phrase> 2016; Vol. 612, c. 902.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1536.0/10" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;from a personal and demonstrable decision to deceive Parliament or the public&#8212;to state falsehoods, knowing them to be false. That I think he should be absolved from.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1536.0/12" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The way in which the legal advice about&#8212;the basis for it was highly unsatisfactory, but that is not the same as saying it was illegal, and therefore that something should follow or some effect should be procured. One can&#8217;t say that.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1536.0/14" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;the whole intelligence community, and not only in the United Kingdom, were strongly of the belief&#8212;and had, they thought, sufficient intelligence to support it&#8212; that Saddam did have weapons of mass destruction available for use.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1538.0/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;So he misled the House, or set aside evidence in order to lead the House down a line of thought and belief with his <phrase class="date" code="2016-03-18">18 March</phrase> speech&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1538.1/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;There is no evidence that intelligence was improperly included in the&#8221;&#8212;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1538.1/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;dossier or that No.10 improperly influenced the text.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1538.1/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Cabinet was not misled on <phrase class="date" code="2016-03-17">17 March</phrase>&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1540.0/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;it would be wrong to conclude that we should not stand with our American allies when our common&#8230;interests are threatened&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1540.0/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;it would be wrong to conclude that we cannot rely on the judgments of our brilliant and hard-working intelligence agencies&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1540.0/7" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;remain the envy of the world&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1540.0/9" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;conclude that intervention is always wrong.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="2016-07-06">6 July</phrase> 2016; Vol. 612, c. 888.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1540.3/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;we have no doubt that the threat posed to United Kingdom forces was genuinely perceived as a real and present danger and that the steps taken to protect them were justified by the information available at the time.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1540.3/10" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;well founded on the basis of the intelligence then available&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1540.3/12" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;allegations of politically inspired meddling cannot credibly be established&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1542.4/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;any conclusion on questions of law or fact&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1543.3/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;We need to find ways of countering the damaging perception that civilians are being killed needlessly, and in large numbers, by coalition forces.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1543.3/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;any overall assessment of civilian casualties will show that&#8221;&#8212;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1543.3/10" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;responsible for significantly more than insurgents.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1543.3/12" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The Government&#8217;s consideration of the issue of Iraqi civilian casualties was driven by its concern to rebut accusations that coalition forces were responsible for the deaths of large numbers of civilians, and to sustain domestic support for operations&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1546.5/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Our involvement in Bush&#8217;s war will increase the likelihood of terrorist attacks.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1546.5/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;before the peaceful options for disarmament had been exhausted&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1546.5/10" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;not a last resort&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1549.0/20" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The object of Parliament is to substitute argument for fisticuffs&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="2016-06-06">6 June</phrase> 1951; Vol. 488, c. 1179.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1549.0/22" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;is the citadel of British liberty; it is the foundation of our laws&#8230;I do not know how else this country can be governed other than by the House of Commons playing its part in all its broad freedom in British public life.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="2016-10-28">28 October</phrase> 1943; Vol. 393, c. 405-06.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1552.0/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The Chilcot report confirmed Tony Blair lied to the public, parliament and his own cabinet in order to drag us into the Iraq war.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1552.0/7" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I absolve him&#8221;&#8212;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1552.0/9" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;from a personal and demonstrable decision to deceive parliament or the public&#8212;to state falsehoods, knowing them to be false.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1554.3/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Exaggeration&#8212;placing more weight on the intelligence than it could possibly bear&#8212;is a conclusion that we reached on the Butler committee and reached again with even more evidence in the Iraq inquiry.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1554.3/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;On the other hand, I do not know that, in putting forward the fusion argument, Mr Blair related it very directly and specifically to Saddam passing weapons of mass destruction to terrorist groups.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1554.3/7" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;there are two begetters of chaos: tyrannical regimes with weapons of mass destruction and extreme terrorist groups who profess a perverted and false view of Islam&#8230;Those two threats have, of course, different motives and different origins, but they share one basic common view: they detest the freedom, democracy and tolerance that are the hallmarks of our way of life. At the moment, I accept fully that the association between the two is loose&#8212;but it is hardening. The possibility of the two coming together&#8221;&#8212;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1554.3/9" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;of terrorist groups in possession of weapons of mass destruction or even of a so-called dirty radiological bomb&#8212;is now, in my judgment, a real and present danger&#8221;.&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="2016-03-18">18 March</phrase> 2003; Vol. 401, c. 768.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1554.3/12" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I would like you to tell us to what extent Mr Blair was warned of the danger that, far from democracy emerging, Sunni-Shi&#8217;a religious strife would follow the removal of the secular dictator, who gave these warnings, and how and why they were ignored. In particular, I would just quote back to you a briefing note from your report which Mr Blair himself sent in January 2003 to President Bush.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1554.3/14" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The biggest risk we face is internecine fighting between all the rival groups, religions, tribes, etc. in Iraq when the military strike destabilises the regime. They are perfectly capable, on previous form, of killing each other in large numbers.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1554.3/16" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Mr Blair knew that and he said it to President Bush, so why did he ignore that terrible possibility that he himself apparently recognised?&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1554.3/18" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I cannot give you the answer as to why. You would have to ask him. But what is clear from all the evidence we have collected is that this risk and other associated risks of instability and collapse were clearly identified and available to Ministers and to Mr Blair before the invasion. I can cite all sorts of points, but you will not want me to go into that detail now. It is in the report.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1554.3/19" pwmotiontext="yes">There were other signals, too, from other quarters. Our ambassador in Cairo, for example, was able to report that the Egyptian President had said that Iraq was at risk&#8212;it was populated by people who were extremely fond of killing each other, and destabilisation would bring that about.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1556.3/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The Syrian civil war was not driven by Isis. It fed directly out of the Arab awakenings and was a bid to oust a ruthless regime from power.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1557.6/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Tony Blair lied to the public, parliament and his own cabinet in order to drag us into the Iraq war.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1557.6/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;threatens peace and security in Europe&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1557.6/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;President Putin&#8217;s threats against this sovereign nation&#8221;,</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1558.2/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;we shall see if I am right&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1558.5/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Chilcot actually says, &#8216;Most decisions on Iraq pre-conflict were taken either bilaterally between Mr Blair and the relevant Secretary of State or in meetings between Mr Blair, Mr Straw, and Mr Hoon, with No. 10 officials and, as appropriate, Mr John Scarlett and Sir Richard Dearlove and Admiral Boyce&#8217;.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1558.5/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Yes, but when the Prime Minister sent another letter to the President of the United States, using those now very famous words &#8216;I will be with you whatever&#8217;, he was advised by officials that this position should be shared with other Cabinet colleagues before he sent the letter and he refused to do so.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1558.5/10" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I certainly agree with you that private memos from the Prime Minister to the President of the United States setting out&#8230;the&#8230;position&#8230;should have been subject to collective approval&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1560.1/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;It seems from the Chilcot report that, at some point between December 2001 and possibly March 2002 but certainly by July 2002, Mr Blair effectively signed Britain up to the American military effort&#8230; Under American law, to go to war on the basis of regime change is entirely legal. They do not recognise the international laws that render it otherwise, so for them regime change is a perfectly legitimate casus belli.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="2016-07-13">13 July</phrase> 2016; Vol. 613, c. 360.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1560.1/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;with hindsight&#8230;given that Hans Blix was perfectly willing to carry on with inspections, if the Americans could have been persuaded to delay for another month, all this could have been avoided&#8230; The Americans dismissed Blix, however, and regarded him as a waste of time; they were trying to get him out of the way.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1560.1/7" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;That is exactly right. That should have been the stance that Mr Blair took, but he did not. He chose instead to come to Parliament to misrepresent the case&#8230; Finally, Mr Blair was asked by Tam Dalyell&#8221;&#8212;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1560.1/9" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;about the risks of terrorism arising from the war, but the Prime Minister did not give him an answer&#8212;despite having been told by the JIC and by MI5 that it would increase both the international and domestic risk of terrorism and would destabilise the states in the area.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="2016-07-13">13 July</phrase> 2016; Vol. 613, c. 362.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1560.2/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;There is a real willingness in the Middle East to get Saddam out but a total opposition to mixing this up with the current operation. All said: we know what you want, you can do it, but not whilst you are bombing Afghanistan....I have no doubt that we need to deal with Saddam. But if we hit Iraq now, we would lose the Arab world, Russia, probably half the EU and my fear is the impact of all that on Pakistan. However, I am sure we can devise a strategy for Saddam deliverable at a later date.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1560.2/7" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;On the one hand the prime minister was very clearly urging the president&#8221;&#8212;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1560.2/9" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;to go back or adopt the UN route and coalition strategy but was absolutely prepared to say that at the same time he was willing to contemplate regime change if this didn&#8217;t work.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1560.2/12" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;When the Prime Minister discussed Iraq with President Bush at Crawford in April, he said that the UK would support military action to bring about regime change, provided that certain conditions were met&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1560.2/14" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;On Iraq, Blair will be with us should military options be necessary.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1560.2/16" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I will be with you, whatever&#8221;,</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1560.2/18" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I will be with you, whatever.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1562.0/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;The JIC accepted ownership of the dossier and agreed its content. There is no evidence that intelligence was improperly included in the dossier or that No.10 improperly influenced the text&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1562.0/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;There was nothing in the JIC Assessments issued before July 2002 that would have raised any questions in policy-makers&#8217; minds about the core construct of Iraq&#8217;s capabilities and intent.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1562.0/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;clear that Iraq continues to pursue a policy of acquiring WMD and their delivery means&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1562.0/11" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Mr Blair and Mr Straw sought to persuade the US Administration to secure multilateral support before taking action on Iraq; and to do so through the UN.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1564.2/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;While Iraq was a source of division in the past, it doesn&#8217;t need to be a source of division in the future. I said during the election campaign that I thought it was time to move on.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1564.2/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I will be with you, whatever&#8221;,</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1564.2/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;We have concluded that the UK chose to join the invasion of Iraq before the peaceful options for disarmament had been exhausted.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1564.2/13" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;We are not putting boots on the ground, so it isn&#8217;t an issue for us.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="2016-07-14">14 July</phrase> 2016; Vol. 613, c. 489.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1564.2/16" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;terrified that people would be killed.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="2016-07-14">14 July</phrase> 2016; Vol. 613, c. 489.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1566.0/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;focus on lessons and avoid blame&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1566.0/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;attract a daily running commentary&#8221;,</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1567.4/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I absolve him from a personal and demonstrable decision to deceive parliament or the public&#8212;to state falsehoods, knowing them to be false.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1568.2/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;A spokesman for Blair declined to comment. But, privately, his supporters say similar motions have been tabled before without gaining significant traction among MPs.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1569.1/3" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;a cunning plan to ensure that action is taken&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1569.1/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;There is much in it, and we need to ensure that we do learn the lessons from it.&#8221;&#8212;[Official Report, <phrase class="date" code="2016-10-26">26 October</phrase> 2016; Vol. 616, c. 277.]</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1569.1/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;to conduct a further specific examination of this contrast in public and private policy and of the presentation of intelligence, and then to report to the House on what further action it considers necessary and appropriate to help prevent any repetition of this disastrous series of events.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1569.1/10" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;As things have turned out, we know that it was not.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1569.1/12" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;As things appeared at the time, the evidence to support it was more qualified than he&#8221;&#8212;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1569.1/14" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;in effect, gave expression to.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1569.1/16" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;test of whether a reasonable man would conclude that this evidence supported going to war.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1569.1/18" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;If I may say so, that seems an easier question for me to answer, because the answer to that is no.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1569.1/21" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I think most people who have dealt with me, think I&#8217;m a pretty straight sort of guy and I am.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1570.2/6" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;the policy of the U.S. to support efforts to remove the regime headed by Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1570.2/9" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;report to the House on what further action it considers necessary and appropriate to help prevent any repetition of this disastrous series of events.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1570.2/12" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;conduct a further specific examination of this contrast in public and private policy and of the presentation of intelligence&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1572.2/2" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;participation in military action in a way that would make it very difficult for the UK subsequently to withdraw its support for the US.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1573.4/4" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;the facts of the case&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1575.3/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;Intelligence on Iraq&#8217;s weapons of mass destruction&#8230;and ballistic missile programmes is sporadic and patchy.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1576.1/5" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;You would have to ask him.&#8221;</p>
  
  <p class="indent" pid="b1577.1/8" pwmotiontext="yes">&#8220;I will be with you, whatever&#8221;.</p>
  
  <p class="italic" pid="b1581.0/3" pwmotiontext="yes">The House divided:</p>
  
  <p pid="b1581.0/4" pwmotiontext="yes">Ayes 70, Noes 439.</p>