text_body: --- DIVISION TITLE ---
  
  Welfare Reform Bill - Clause 51 - Period of Entitlement to Contributory Employment and Support Allowance
  
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  @ MP voted aye not to increase the time people can receive contribution based ESA from one year to at least 730 days.
  @ MP voted no to increase the time people can receive contribution based ESA from one year to at least 730 days.
  
  The majority of MPs voted not to increase the amount of time people can receive contributory [https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance Employment and Support Allowance] in the work-related activity group from 365 days to a minimum of 730 days.
  
  Employment and Support Allowance is paid to those who cannot work because they are ill or disabled[1]. 
  
  There are two types of Employment and Support Allowance: Contributory (or "Contribution-based") for those who have made enough National Insurance contributions and "Income-related" for those who have not. 
  
  Those receiving the allowance are, after 13 weeks, placed into one of two groups, the first, the work-related activity group are those who receive Employment and Support Allowance and have to go to regular interviews with an adviser intended to help with things like job goals, improving skills and work-related issues. Those with an illness or disability which limits what they do may not have to attend such interviews and are described as being in the "support group".[2]
  
  A contribution-based allowance in the work-related activity group based is paid for a limited amount of time, what that time period should be was the subject of this vote, once the period elapses people may be moved onto income related Employment and Support Allowance. The amount paid under the "income related" allowance varies depending on individual factors such as age, if the individual is part of a couple, their partners' income, and if they have responsibility for a child.[3] 
  
  During the debate Labour MP Stephen Timms argued in favour of increasing the time a contribution based allowance is paid saying[4][5]:
  
  :12 months is simply not long enough for a very large number of cancer patientsâor other patients, in factâto get back to work. 
  and
  :we have argued for a two-year limit instead of a one-year limit, because with a two-year limit there is a chance for people to get back into work. The National Aids Trust makes the point
  
  
  Another key argument made during the debate that was that contribution based payments give people independence, whereas those which take account of a partner's income reduce that independence.[6] 
  
  
  Minister Chris Grayling explained his, and his Government's, support for the one year time limit[7][8]:
  
  :The principle of our proposal reflects the principle used in the jobseekerâs allowance systemâpeople should get something back for what they have contributed, but not indefinitely. The Governmentâs measures simply seek to extend that principle to the group on ESA.
  :The principle I described is a long-standing one that has been applied to other benefits, such as jobseekerâs allowance. It is important to state that the Government are not taking benefits away from people who have no other form of income, or from people in the support group who need long-term, unconditional help. The measure simply affects those in the work-related activity group. It applies to them the same principle that exists in jobseekerâs allowance.
  
  
  
  The initial wording in the bill as brought from the commons[9] was:
  
  "51  Period of entitlement to contributory allowance
  (1) After section 1 of the Welfare Reform Act 2007 there is insertedâ
             â1A Duration of contributory allowance
                   (1)The period for which a person is entitled to a contributory allowance shall not exceed, in the aggregate, 365 days in any period for which his entitlement is established by reference (under the second condition set out in Part 1 of Schedule 1) to the same two tax years.
  
  ...
  
  "
  
  The majority of MPs disagreed with a Lords amendment, numbered 17[10], relating to that clause stating:
  
  :"leave out â365 daysâ and insert âa prescribed number of days which must be at least 730â
  
  
  Minister Chris Grayling explained what the effect of the rejected amendment would have been[11]:
  
  :Lords amendment 17 would increase the time limit for claimants receiving contributory ESA in the work-related activity group from the proposed 365 days to a minimum of 730 days, which would have to be prescribed in regulations.
  
  Full details of the Welfare Reform Bill's progress through parliament are available on Parliament's website.[12]
  
  
  * [1] [https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) -  Gov.uk]
  * [2] [https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance/what-youll-get  Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) - What you'll get - Gov.uk] 
  * [3] [http://www.nhs.uk/CarersDirect/moneyandlegal/otherbenefits/Pages/ESA-how-much.aspx NHS page on Employment and Support Allowance] - contains more information than the official Gov.uk pages. 
  * [4] [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=2012-02-01a.826.3#g836.3 Stephen Timms MP (East Ham, Labour), House of Commons, 1 February 2012]
  
  * [5] [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=2012-02-01a.826.3#g836.5 Stephen Timms MP (East Ham, Labour), House of Commons, 1 February 2012]
  * [6] [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=2012-02-01a.826.3#g845.9 Anne Begg MP (Aberdeen South, Labour), House of Commons, 1 February 2012]
  * [7] [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=2012-02-01a.826.3#g827.3 Chris Grayling (Epsom and Ewell, Conservative) House of Commons, 1 February 2012]
  
  * [8] [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=2012-02-01a.826.3#g827.5 Chris Grayling (Epsom and Ewell, Conservative) House of Commons, 1 February 2012]
  * [9] [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/bills/lbill/2010-2012/0075/lbill_2010-20120075_en_1.htm Text of bill as brought from the commons on 17 June 2011]
  
  
  * [10] [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/bills/cbill/2010-2012/0302/12302.1-4.html Lords amendments to the Welfare Reform Bill as considered by the Commons on 1 February 2012]  
  * [11] [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=2012-02-01a.826.3#g826.6 Chris Grayling (Epsom and Ewell, Conservative) House of Commons, 1 February 2012]
  * [12] [http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2010-12/welfarereform.html Parliament's webpage on the Welfare Reform Bill] 
  
  
  
  
  --- COMMENTS AND NOTES ---
  
  (put thoughts and notes for other researchers here)
  